Faculty A-Z

Atanu Sarkar

Professor of Environmental and Occupational Health MBBS (Burdwan, India), MCH & PhD (JNU, New Delhi, India), MES (Queens University, Canada)

Division of Population Health and Applied Health Sciences

Phone:
709 864-4920

Email:
asarkar@mun.ca

Address:
Rm: M4M110 Lab: HSC 1823

Teaching:

Course Instructor:

  • Environmental health (MED 6722) (for MPH students)
  • Occupational diseases and injuries (OHS 6002) (for MOHS students)

Course coordinator:

  • Undergraduate (MD) teaching: Environmental health

Research Interests:

  • Minimalonomics and sustainable development
  • Environmental contamination and ecosystem health
  • Climate change and health
  • Indigenous health
  • Agriculture and health
  • Food Security
  • Occupational hazards
  • Global health
  • Social epidemiology

Research Grants:

Ongoing

  • Identifying barriers in design for recovery, reuse and regeneration in consumer durables and emergent renewable energy products. SSHRC Imagining Canada’s Future. Role: Co-Applicant. (2022 - 2024)
  • Tajigoltieg - We are Healthy: Enhancing food security and mental wellbeing programs to manage COVID-19 pandemic stressors in a remote Mi'kmaq community. Source: CIHR. Role: Principal Applicant. (2022 - 2023)
  • Developing a geospatial analytical tool to assess potential risks posed by landfill leachates and runoffs to the local marine ecosystem. (Principal Investigator) Source: Ocean Frontier Institute (seed fund) (2020).
  • Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) and Effects on Children’s Health: a Prospective Avalon Peninsula Birth Cohort Pilot Study. (Principal Investigator) Source: Janeway Foundation (2020-2022).
  • Food Security and Climate Change in Subarctic Canada: Challenges and Opportunities. (Principal Applicant) Source: CIHR Team grant (Fall 2019).
  • NSERC CREATE training program in Persistent, Emerging, and Oil PoLlution in cold marine Environments (PEOPLE CREATE). Source: NSERC. Co-Applicant [Role: lead - theme 7 (health effect)] (2019-2025)

Completed

  • Contamination of marine ecosystem by Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) originating from landfills, current waste management practices, public perceptions, and sustainable solutions: a study by knowledge synthesis methods. (Principal Investigator). Source: SSHRC Knowledge Synthesis Grant (2020-2022).
  • A study of mosquito population diversity and distribution, viral pathogens and the potential impact of climate change on human health risks in the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador and the French overseas territory of St. Pierre and Miquelon (Principal Investigator) Source: Public Health Agency of Canada/Health Canada (2018-2021)
  • Land-based Approaches to Health and Wellness in Isolated Indigenous Communities: Agroforestry Stewardship Practices and Traditional Pursuits. (Principal Applicant) Source: CIHR Project Grant (Spring 2019).
  • A population-based study to explore the associations between environmental contaminants and cancer incidences in Newfoundland and Labrador (Principal Investigator) Source: Memorial University of Newfoundland – Research Grant and Contract Services (RGCS) Seed, Bridge and Multidisciplinary Fund (2018-2021)
  • Community Resources + Memorial University = a partnership to sustain local food production using the Earth Sheltered Greenhouse. (Principal Investigator) Source: Public engagement accelerator fund, Memorial University.
  • Distribution of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Newfoundland diet: Possible connection to hypothyroidism (Principal Investigator) Newfoundland Labrador Centre for Applied Health Research (NLCAHR)
  • Planning to explore the social determinants of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Sikkim, India (Co-Principal Investigator) Source: CIHR Planning and Dissemination Grant - Institute Community Support competition
  • Study of utilization of a recreational facility in small communities: A case study of a YMCA facility in Marystown, Newfoundland (Co-Principal Investigator) Source: YMCA - Newfoundland Labrador
  • Investigating the Main Operational Challenges and Opportunities for Developing Sustainable Greenhouses in Newfoundland (Principal Investigator) Source: Harris Centre Applied Research Fund
  • From the northern edge of subarctic Canada to the subtropics of Australia: Improving food security and wellbeing in Indigenous communities through agroforestry stewardship practices using Indigenous knowledge and western science as complementary constructs (Co-applicant), Source: CIHR Transitional Open Operating Grant Program (T-OOGP)
  • Perceiving Climate Variability: A Community-based Study to Identify Frameworks for Understanding and Interpretation (Co-Principal Applicant) Source: SSHRC Insight Development Grant Competition
  • Water Insecurity in Black Tickle: Moving Toward Solutions (Co-Investigator), Source: Office of the President, Memorial University
  • A framework for better understanding drinking-water quality in Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Labrador: Implications for optimization and protection of municipally supplied water (Co-Investigator), Source: Harris Centre RBC Water Research and Outreach Fund
  • Study of trends and determinants of employment benefit of Memorial University. (Principal Investigator) Internal grant from Vice-President Administration, Memorial University
  • Radiation Exposure in Makkovik, Labrador and Environmental Health Risk - Part 1: Measurement of Radio Nuclides in the Environment and Local Food Sources; Part 2: Assessment of Population Perspectives and Needs (Principal Investigator), Source: Newfoundland Labrador Centre for Applied Health Research (NLCAHR) and Labrador Institute
  • Assessment of Exposure to Radiation in Makkovik, Labrador: Measurement of Nuclides in the Environment and Local Food Sources (Principal Investigator), Source: Atlantic Aboriginal Health Research Program (AAHRP)
  • A study of food insufficiency and food insecurity among elderly population and single parents in St John’s (Principal Investigator), Source: Harris Centre Applied Research Fund
  • Exploring appropriate business models for establishment of water quality monitoring service in Newfoundland and Labrador (Principal Investigator), Source: Harris Centre RBC Water Research and Outreach Fund
  • Developing a community-based monitoring program for drinking water supplies in the Indian Bay Watershed: A baseline study of surface water quality, contamination sources and resident practices and perceptions (Co-Principal Investigator), Source: Harris Centre RBC Water Research and Outreach Fund
  • Water quality in Aboriginal communities in Labrador: a study of the Southern Inuit community of Black Tickle (Co-Principal Investigator), Source: Harris Centre RBC Water Research and Outreach Fund, and Labrador Institute
  • Community-based case-control study of Type 1 diabetes mellitus incidence and drinking water content in Newfoundland and Labrador (Co-Investigator), Source: Harris Centre RBC Water Research and Outreach Fund
  • Seeking innovative policy and governance solutions for sustainable drinking water systems in rural and small towns in Newfoundland and Labrador (Co-Investigator), Source: Harris Centre RBC Water Research and Outreach Fund
  • Multiple environmental stressors contaminating water and food chain: an exploratory study assessing human health risk in the Humber River Basin (Principal Investigator), Source: Humber River Basin Project
  • A study of groundwater quality of private wells in Western Newfoundland communities (Principal Investigator), Source: Harris Centre RBC Water Research and Outreach Fund 

    Publications (last 10 years):

    Peer-Reviewed Articles (*corresponding author)
  • Sarkar A*. (2022) Minimalonomics: A novel economic model to address environmental sustainability and earth's carrying capacity. Journal of Cleaner Production. 371, 133663. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133663
  • Sarkar A*. (2022) Addressing Consumerism and the Planetary Health Crisis: Behavioral Economics Approach in Public Policy. Frontiers in Energy Research. DOI:3389/fenrg.2022.800588
  • Rahman A, Sarkar A*. (2022) Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: analyses of risk factors and knowledge, attitude and practices. Zoonoses and Public Health DOI:10.1111/zph.12952
  • Babichuk N, Sarkar A*, Mulay S, Knight J, Bautista JJ, Young CJ. (2022) Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Marine Fish and Dietary Exposure in Rural Coastal Communities in Newfoundland, Canada. EcoHealth. DOI:10.1007/s10393-022-01582-y
  • Vilá O*, Finnis J, Koitnurm M, Stoddart MCJ, Sarkar A. (2022) Climate Autobiography Timeline: Adapting Timeline Research Methods to the Study of Climate Perceptions. Weather, Climate, and Society. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-21-0150.1
  • Nahar Z, Sarkar A.*, Gadag V. (2022). A study of the effectiveness of workplace health and safety programs in university settings in Canada. Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 26(2):70-77. DOI:10.4103/ijoem.ijoem_295_20
  • Yadav OP*, Sarkar A, Shan D, Gadag V, Moro L. (2021). Occupational Noise Exposure and Health Impacts Among Fish Harvesters: A Systematic Review. International Maritime Health. 72(3):199–205. DOI: 10.5603/IMH.2021.0038. https://journals.viamedica.pl/international_maritime_health/article/view/IMH.2021.0038/64250
  • Combden S, Forward A, Sarkar A*. (2021). COVID-19 pandemic responses of Canada and United States in first six months: a comparative analysis. International Journal of Health Planning and Management. http://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3323
  • Rahman A, Sarkar A*, Yadav OP, Achari G, Slobodnik J. (2021). Potential human health risks due to environmental exposure to nano- and microplastics and knowledge gaps: a scoping review. Science of The Total Environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143872
  • Rahman A, Sarkar A*, Sathya J, McCrate S. (2020). Additional Burden of Cancers Due to Environmental Carcinogens in Newfoundland and Labrador: A Spatial Analysis. Environmental Health Review. https://doi.org/10.5864/d2020-020
  • Blanchard P, Babichuk N, Sarkar A*. (2020). Evaluating the use of synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy in investigating brominated flame retardants in indoor dust. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10623-4
  • Sarkar, A.*, Traverso-Yepez, M., Gadag, V., (2020) Food insecurity among single parents and the senior population: a case study in an urban population in Canada. Canadian Studies in Population. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42650-020-00037-5
  • Lau, N., Smith, M.J., Sarkar, A., Gao, Z.* (2020) Effects of Low Exposure to Traffic Related Air Pollution on Childhood Asthma Onset by Age 10 Years. Environmental Research. 191, December, 110174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110174
  • Sarkar, A.* (2019) Nuclear Power and Uranium Mining: Current Global Perspectives and Emerging Public Health Risks. Journal of Public Health Policy. Jul 10. doi: 10.1057/s41271-019-00177-2.
  • Rahman, A., Sarkar, A.* (2019) Risk Factors for Fatal Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infections in Saudi Arabia: Analysis of the WHO Line List, 2013-2018. American Journal of Public Health. Sep;109(9):1288-1293. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2019.305186.
  • Sarkar, A.* (2019) Environmental Impact Assessment of Uranium Mining on Indigenous Land in Labrador (Canada): Biases and Manipulations. Environmental Justice. 12(2):61-68. DOI: 10.1089/env.2018.0036
  • Thomson, K.K., Rahman, A., Cooper, T.J., Sarkar, A.,* (2019) Exploring Relevance, Public Perceptions and Business Models for Establishment of Private Well Water Quality Monitoring Service. Int. J. Health Planning Management. Apr;34(2):e1098-e1118. doi: 10.1002/hpm.2747.
  • Lau, N., Norman, A., Smith, M.J., Sarkar, A., Gao, Z.* (2018) Association between Traffic Related Air Pollution and the Development of Asthma Phenotypes in Children: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Chronic Diseases
  • Sarkar, A.*, Wilton, D.H.C., Fitzgerald, E., Sharma, A., Sharma, A., Sathya A.J. (2018) Environmental impact assessment of uranium exploration and development on Indigenous land in Labrador (Canada): a community-driven initiative. Environ Geochem Health. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-018-0191-z [Impact Factor 3 (2017)]
  • Chafe, R., Aslanov, R., Sarkar, A., Gregory, P., Comeau, A., Newhook, L.A*. (2018). The Association of Type 1 Diabetes and Concentrations of Drinking Water Components in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
  • Sarkar, A.*, Wilton, D.H.C., Fitzgerald, E. (2017) Indoor Radon in Micro-geological Setting of an Indigenous Community in Canada: A Pilot Study for Hazard Identification. Int J Occup Environ Med. 8(2):69-79. doi: 10.15171/ijoem.2017.1001.
  • Rahman, M.A., Sarkar, A*. (2017) Extensively Drug-resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB): A daunting challenge to the current End TB Strategy and policy recommendations. Indian J Tuberc. 64(3):153-160. doi: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2017.03.006
  • Ochoo, B., Valcour, J.E., Sarkar, A*. (2017) Association between perceptions of public drinking water quality and actual drinking water quality: A community-based exploratory study in Newfoundland (Canada). Environ Res. 159:435-443. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.019
  • Hanrahan, M.*, Sarkar, A., Hudson, A. (2016) Water insecurity in indigenous Canada: a community based inter-disciplinary approach Water Quality Research Journal of Canada (DOI: 10.2166/wqrjc.2015.010)
  • Sarkar, A.*, Hanrahan, M., Hudson, A. (2015) Water Insecurity in Canadian Indigenous communities: Some Inconvenient Truths Rural and Remote Health 15(4):3354
  • Sarkar, A.*, Knight, J.C., Babichuk, N.A., Mulay, S. (2015) Skewed distribution of hypothyroidism in the coastal communities of Newfoundland, Canada Environment International 83:171–175. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2015.05.017] [5 year Impact Factor 6.7 (2014)]
  • Sarkar, A.*, vanLoon, G. (2015) Modern Agriculture and Food and Nutrition Insecurity: paradox in India Public Health 1-3 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2015.04.003] [5 year Impact Factor 1.6 (2014)]
  • Finnis, J., Sarkar, A.*, Stoddart, M. (2015) Bridging science and community knowledge? The complicating role of natural variability in perceptions of climate change Global Environmental Change 32:1–10. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.12.011] [5 year Impact Factor 7.8 (2014)] (all authors made equal contribution)
  • Hanrahan, M., Sarkar, A., Hudson, A., (2014) Exploring Water Insecurity in a Northern Indigenous Community in Canada: The “Never Ending Job” of the Southern Inuit of Black Tickle, Labrador Arctic Anthropology 51(2):9–22
  • Sarkar, A.*, Patil, S.G., Hugar, L.B., vanLoon, G.W. (2013) Modern Agriculture Practices and Associated Health Risks: An Indian Study. J. Indian Soc. Agriculture Statistics. 67(2): 279-285.
  • Chakraborti, D.*, Rahman, M.M., Murill, M., Das, R., Siddayya, Patil, S.G., Sarkar, A., Dadapeer H.J., Yendigeri, S., Ahmed, R., Das, K.K. (2013), Environmental arsenic contamination and its health effects in a historic gold mining area of the Mangalur greenstone belt of Northeastern Karnataka, India. J. Hazard. Mater. 262:1048-55 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.10.002 [5 year Impact factor 5.3 (2014)]
  • Sarkar, A.*, Aronson, K.J., Patil, S.G., Hugar, L.B., vanLoon, G.W. (2012) Emerging health risks associated with modern agriculture practices: A comprehensive study in India. Environmental Research. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2012.03.005 [5 year Impact Factor 4.2 (2014)]

Edited volume (* lead editor)
  • Sarkar, A.,* Sensharma S., vanLoon, G.W. (editors) Sustainable Solutions for Food Security - Combating climate change by adaptation (Publisher – Springer AG, Switzerland) (the volume contains 24 chapters contributed by 70 odd authors from around 18 countries. https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319778778

Books
  • Sarkar, A. Social epidemiology of arsenic poisoning in West Bengal, India. (2012) Lap Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany.
  • Sensharma S., Sarkar, A. (editors) (2012) Disaster Risk Management: Local, Regional and International Level Cooperation. Concept Publisher, New Delhi.

Edited Books (chapters)
  • Traverso-Yepez, M., Sarkar, A., Gadag, V., Hunter, K. (2018) The lived experience of food (in)security among seniors and single parents in St. John’s, NL. In: Keske C (Ed) Food Futures: Growing a Sustainable Food System for Newfoundland and Labrador. Publisher ISER, pp 141-168. St. John’s, NL.


Presentation of papers in international conferences/workshops (last 10 years) (* presenting author)

  • Nicol AM, Sarkar A* (2021) Scientist - Civic Engagement and Radon Regulation in Canada. In symposium (Civic Engagement by Scientists in North America: Experiences and Opportunities). 33rd Annual Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology. August 23-26, New York, USA
  • Yadav OP*, Shan D, Sarkar A, Gadag V. (2021) Occupational Exposure of Noise and Its Health Impacts among Fish Harvesters in Newfoundland and Labrador. 33rd Annual Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology. August 23-26, New York, USA.
  • Ochs C*, Neis B, Tahlan K, Sarkar A. (2021) Canadian Aquaculture: Supporting the need to develop sentinel surveillance programs for antimicrobial resistance among Canadian marine aquaculture facilities. 33rd Annual Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology. August 23-26, New York, USA.
  • Sarkar A, Rahman A, Achari G, Slobodnik J. (2020). Environmental exposure to microplastics: A Scoping review on human health effects. 32nd Annual conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology. August 24-27, Washington DC, USA.
  • Rahman A*, Sarkar A, McCrate F. (2020). Additional burden of cancers due to the exposure to agricultural chemicals and its economic implications in healthcare: A population-based study in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. 32nd Annual conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology. August 24-27, Washington DC, USA.
  • Rahman A*, Sarkar A, McCrate F. (2020). Additional burden of cancers due to the exposure to ultraviolet radiation: A spatial analysis and economic implications in health care in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. 32nd Annual conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology. August 24-27, Washington DC, USA.
  • Babichuk N*, Sarkar A, Mulay S, Knight J, Bautista J, Young C. (2019). Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Newfoundland seafood and associations with human serum concentrations. International Society for Environmental Epidemiology. Aug 25-28. Utrecht, Netherlands
  • Sarkar A*, Rahman A, McCrate F. (2019). Arsenic and disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water in Canada: a population-based study to explore any association with relevant cancers. International Society for Environmental Epidemiology, Aug 25-28. Utrecht, Netherlands
  • Babichuk N*, Sarkar A, Mulay S, Knight J. (2019). Associations between endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and thyroid hormones: a community-based survey in rural Newfoundland (Canada). International society for environmental epidemiology, Aug 25-28. Utrecht, Netherlands
  • Greene, B; Sarkar, A.* (2018). Disinfection By-Products in Public Drinking Water Systems in Newfoundland and Labrador (Canada): a Population-based Study for Assessment of the Environmental Health Risks. Joint Annual Meeting of the International Society of Exposure Science and the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology. Aug 26-31. Ottawa. Canada.
  • Babichuk, N, Sarkar, A.*Young C, Mulay S, Knight K. (2018). Distribution of Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Newfoundland diet: possible connections to hypothyroidism. Joint Annual Meeting of the International Society of Exposure Science and the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology. Aug 26-31. Ottawa. Canada
  • Sarkar, A., Sensharma S. (2015) Reduction of Arctic sea ice cover: emerging risks due to new commercial activities. 6th Conference of the International Society for Integrated Disaster Risk Management (IDRiM), entitled “Disaster Risk Reduction: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Growth”. 28-30 October, New Delhi, India.
  • Sarkar, A., Gadag, V., Traverso-Yepez, M. (2015) Assessment of food security among single parents and seniors: a community-based survey in St. John’s, Canada. 2nd International Conference on Global Food Security, 11-14 October, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA. Hosted by Cornell University and Columbia University.
  • Sarkar, A., Knight, J.C., Babichuk, N.A., Mulay, S. (2015) Is exposure to Thyroid Disrupting Chemicals responsible for higher rates of hypothyroidism in some coastal communities of Newfoundland, Canada? 27th Annual International Society for Environmental Epidemiology Conference. 30 August – 3 September, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • Sarkar, A., Wilton, D.H., Fitzgerald, E. (2015) Radon (Rn) induced health risk assessment: need to re-examine current policy and to act beyond disciplinary boundaries. 27th Annual International Society for Environmental Epidemiology Conference. 30 August – 3 September, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • Babichuk, N.A., Sarkar, A. (2015) Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) contamination in the Gulf of St Lawrence: a critical environmental health issue for the population of Newfoundland (Canada). 27th Annual International Society for Environmental Epidemiology Conference. 30 August – 3 September, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • Sarkar, A., Wilton, D.H. (2014) A Study of Environmental Impacts Due to Uranium Exploration and Development in Labrador, Canada. 26th Annual International Society for Environmental Epidemiology Conference. 24 - 28 August, Seattle, USA.
  • Sarkar, A., vanLoon, G.W. (2014) Evidence of Epidemiological Transition in Rural India: Are Modern Agriculture and Changing Ecology Responsible? The 5th Biennial Conference of the International Association for Ecology and Health. 11 – 15 August, Montreal, Canada.
  • Sarkar, A., Hanrahan, M., Hudson, A. (2014) Exploring Water Insecurity and Health Risks in the Southern Inuit Community of Black Tickle, Labrador, Canada The 5th Biennial Conference of the International Association for Ecology and Health. 11 – 15 August, Montreal, Canada.
  • Hanrahan, M., Sarkar, A., Hudson, A. (2014) Water Insecurity in Indigenous Canada: A Case Study of Illnesses, Neglect, and Urgency, The 2014 International Conference on Marine and Freshwater Environments (iMFE). 6 – 8 August, St John’s, Canada
  • Thomson, K.K., Sarkar, A., Cooper, T.J. (2014) Potential Health Risks of Contaminants in Private Groundwater Sources in Newfoundland and Labrador, The 2014 International Conference on Marine and Freshwater Environments (iMFE). 6 – 8 August, St John’s, Canada (Awarded as a best oral presentation)
  • Sarkar, A., vanLoon, G.W. (2013) Modern agriculture and health: need for a robust risk assessment model, Stat 2013 - Socio-Economic Challenges and Sustainable Solutions. 28 – 31 Dec, Hyderabad, India.
  • Sarkar, A. (2013) Agricultural practices, food production, food security and governance in South Asia, International conference on environmental epidemiology. 19 – 23 August, Basel, Switzerland.
  • Sarkar, A. Finnis, J (2013) Changing Climate in Rural Canada: Linking Scientific Evidence and Population Perspectives. International conference on environmental epidemiology. 19 – 23 August, Basel, Switzerland.

Highlighted Accomplishments:

  • Certificate of Honour, UNESCO/UNITWIN Network Web Seminar, August, BLDE Univ,. India (2020)
  • Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University Outstanding Research Excellence Award (2015)
  • SSHRC Travel Grants Competition, Annual conference of International Society of Environmental Epidemiology, Basel, Switzerland (2013)
  • Dean’s Award for Excellence in Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen’s University (2010)
  • Core Team Member: Employment condition and health dimension (EMCONET), Commission of Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization (WHO)
  • Team Member: Global Partnership on Atmospheric Mercury Transport and Fate Research, United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP)

Creative Activity

Directional debut: short documentary Broken Rocks. Based on research on uranium exploration in Labrador.
Available in YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGJ5_qDCjsg