N vs HEmpirical H vs
        Neu

Heterozygosity (H) vs estimated Population Count (Log10N) & Effective Population Size (Neµ)

[Left] Observed Heterozygosity (Hobs) based on protein electrophoretic data increases with estimated population count N over the range 0.01 ~ 0.25, as expected.

[Right] However, observed Hobs is considerably smaller than expected from theory, as He =
Neµ / (Neµ + 1). For µ = 10-7, the range Hobs = 0.056 ~ 0.185 [Y-axis] implies Ne = 148,000 ~ 567,000 [x-axis].


Left-hand graph after Soulé in Ayala (1976); Text material © 2021 by Steven M. Carr